What changes occur in the cervix during the labor process?

During the labor process, the cervix undergoes significant changes, primarily characterized by dilation. Dilation refers to the opening of the cervix, which is crucial for allowing the fetus to pass through the birth canal during delivery. As labor progresses, hormonal changes and contractions help to soften and stretch the cervix. This process is essential for a safe delivery, as sufficient dilation ensures that the baby can move from the uterus into the vaginal canal.

Dilation is measured in centimeters, and full dilation is typically 10 centimeters. This gradual opening is accompanied by effacement, which is the thinning of the cervix that prepares it for delivery. The ability of the cervix to dilate effectively is vital to the overall labor process, facilitating the eventual birth of the baby.